Most of the south-west area of La Pampa is the entrance to the region of Patagonia, whereas a smaller area in the north-east belongs to the Pampean region..

In the south of the Province there are some low hills which are not higher than 589 meters. In the north-west, there are a few isolated hills which reach an altitude of 1,188 meters above sea level. In the east of the Province we find an area of valleys, with dunes, salt flats and lagoons.

The territory of the Province of La Pampa has quite different environmental regions: an area of steppe (grassland), in the north-east, which is nowadays covered with crops; a thorny area (caldén forest) that goes diagonally from the north-west to the south-east; and an area of shrubs (jarilla) in the west, which covers 50% of the total area of the province.

Most of the territory of La Pampa has mild weather, although there is considerable temperature variation that goes from a sub-humid climate in the east to an arid one in the west. This variation predetermines both the population settlement and the productive development.